This Month's Topic......."the Beard in light of the Holy Quran and Sahih Hadith and in the Opinions of the great scholars....
In
the Light of Quran
In
the Light of Hadith
For section on Trimming the moustaches
The
Holy Quran, Sura #24;Ayah #63
"Make
not the calling of the Messenger among you as your calling of one another.
Allâh knows those of you who slip away under shelter. And let
those who oppose the Messenger's (Muhammad SAW) commandment (i.e. his Sunnah
legal ways, orders, acts of worship, statements, etc.) beware, lest some
Fitnah (disbelief, trials, afflictions, earthquakes, killing, overpowered
by a tyrant, etc.) befall them or a painful torment be inflicted on them."
The
Holy Quran, Sura #59;Ayah #7
"And
whatever the RASUL GIVES you, ACCEPT IT and whatever he FORBIDS you, ABSTAIN
(from it)"
The
Holy Quran, Sura #2;Ayah #285
"
The Messenger believeth in what hath been revealed to him from his Lord,
as do the men of faith. Each one (of them) believeth in Allah, His angels,
His books, and His messengers. "We make no distinction (they say) between
one and another of His messengers." And they say: "We hear, and we obey:
(we seek) Thy forgiveness, our Lord, and to Thee is the end of all journeys."
The
Holy Quran, Sura #3;Ayah #132
And
obey Allah and the Messenger; that ye may obtain mercy.
The
Holy Quran, Sura #47;Ayah #33
O
ye who believe! Obey Allah, and obey the messenger, and make not vain your
deeds!
The
Holy Quran, Sura #4;Ayah #13
Those
are limits set by Allah. those who obey Allah and His Messenger will be
admitted to Gardens with rivers flowing beneath, to abide therein (for
ever) and that will be the supreme achievement.
The
Holy Quran, Sura #30;Ayah #30
So set you (O Muhammad SAW)
your face towards the religion of pure Islâmic Monotheism Hanifa
(worship none but Allâh Alone) Allâh's Fitrah (i.e. Allâh's
Islâmic Monotheism), with which He has created mankind. No change
let there be in Khalqillâh (creation of Allâh) , that
is the straight religion, but most of men know not. [Tafsir
AtTabarî, Vol 21, Page 41]
In the Light os Sahih Hadith.....
Sahih
Al-Bukhari, Volume 7, Book 72, Hadith # 780:
Narrated
Nafi' (Radhiallaahu Án) "Ibn
Umar (Radhiallaahu Án)
said, The Prophet (Sallallaahu Álayhi Wasallam)
said, "Do the opposite of what the pagans do. Keep the beards and cut
the moustaches short." Whenever Ibn 'Umar performed the Hajj or 'Umra,
he used to hold his beard with his hand and cut whatever moustaches. Ibn
Umar used to cut his moustache so short that the whiteness of his skin
(above the upper lip) was visible, and he used to cut (the hair) between
his moustaches and his beard.
Sahih
Al-Bukhari, Volume 7, Book 72, Hadith #781:
Narrated
Ibn 'Umar (Radhiallaahu Án) "Rasulullah
(Sallallaahu Álayhi Wasallam) said, "Cut
the moustaches short and
leave the beard (as it is)."
Sahih
Muslim, Book 2, Hadith # 0501:
Narrated
AbuHurayrah (Radhiallaahu Án)
"Rasulullah (Sallallaahu Álayhi Wasallam)
said "Trim closely the moustache, and grow beard,
and thus act
against the fire-worshippers."
Sahih
Muslim Book 2, Hadith # 0502
Narrated
Aisha (Radhiallaahu Ánha): Rasulullah
(Sallallaahu
Álayhi Wasallam) said: “Ten things are
part of the fitrah:
cutting the moustache, letting the beard grow,
cleaning the teeth with a siwaak, rinsing the nose with water, cutting
one’s nails, washing between the finger-joints, plucking the armpit hairs,
shaving the pubic hair and cleaning one’s private parts with water.” (Reported
by Imaan Ahmad, Muslim and the four authors of Sunan, from the hadith of
‘Aisha (Radhiallaahu Ánha).
Sahih
Al-Bukhari 9:651
Narrated
Abu Sa'id Al-Khudri (Radhiallaahu Án):
Rasulullah (Sallallaahu Álayhi Wasallam)
said, "There will emerge from the East some people who will recite the
Qur'an but it will not exceed their throats and who will go out of (renounce)
the religion (Islam) as an arrow passes through the game, and they will
never come back to it unless the arrow, comes back to the middle of the
bow (by itself) (i.e., impossible)." The people asked, "What will their
signs be?" He said, "Their sign will be the habit of shaving (of their
beards)." (Fateh Al-Bari,
Page 322, Vol. 17th)
Imaan
maliks MuwattaBook 51, Number 51.1.1:
Yahya
related to me from Malik from Abu Bakr ibn Nafi from his father Nafi from
Abdullah ibn Umar (Radhiallaahu Án)
that the Messenger of Allah, (Sallallaahu Álayhi
Wasallam) ordered the moustache to be trimmed
and the beard to be left.
It is reported in the Tabrani Vol 3 Page 90/9, that Kaiser, the King of Persia, after having read the letter sent by the Rasulullah (Sallallaahu Álayhi Wasallam) inviting him to accept the faith of Islaam, ordered his sub-ordinate Bayon (Badhun), the governor of Yemen, to send two persons to bring the RASUL of Islaam before him. Bayan accordingly sent two messengers who according to the fashion of those days were clean shaven and having long moustaches. When they appeared on the scene toward the Rasulullah (Sallallaahu Álayhi Wasallam), he very much disliked the unnatural appearances of those persons and said; "Woe to you, Woe to you. Who ordered you to adopt such appearances? They said; "Our lord Kaiser". Rasulullah (Sallallaahu Álayhi Wasallam) then told them "My Rabb COMMANDED me to lenghten my beard and clip my moustaches".
The opinions of the great scholars about the beard...
Imam
Abu Hanifa (Rahimahullah)
The
Hanifies say "To shorten the beard less than a FIST LENGTH is HARAAM
and on this is IJMA`A (consensus of opinion)".
Imam Muharnmed (Rahimahullah) writes in his book "Kitabul Aathaar" where he relates from Imam Abu Hanifa (Rahimahullah) who relates from Hazart Haytham (Rahimahullah) who relates from Ibn Umar (ra) that he (Ibn Umar) used to hold his beard in his hand and cut off which was longer. Imam Muhammed (Rahimahullah) says that this is what we follow and this was the decision of Imam Abu Hanifa (Rahimahullah). (From one of the most authentic books of Hanafi Fiqh "Kitabul Aathaar" with direct quotes from Imaam Abu Hanifah)
Hanafi
Fiqh in Durre Mukhtar
"To
trim the beard when it is less than a fist’s length, as done by some western
people and hermaphrodites is not permissible in the opinion of all the
jurists. To shave the beard as done by the Jews, Hindus and others is also
not permissible."
(From
the famous and known book of Fiqh Durre Mukhtar)
Imam
Shafi (Rahimahullah)
Imam
Shafi (Rahimahullah) in his Kitabul
Umm states, "To shave the beard is HARAAM". (Shari
Minfiaj dar Shara Fasl Aqueeqa).
Shafi Fiqh..
Imaam
Ibn Ar’rifaah (Rahimahullah) quoting
from Imaam Shafi (Rahimahullah)
It
is quoted in Al Ibaab’, that Imaam Ibn Ar’rifaah says that Imaam Shafi,
has categorically stated that shaving the beard is haram. (From
the book "Al Ibaab")
Al
Azraiy (Rahimahullah)
says
that the correct position in the Shafi madhab is that to shave the beard
without a valid medical reason is haram. Similar verdict of prohibition
has been issued by Zarakhshi,
Baihaqi in his
book, Shu’ab Al Iman, and by his teacher Qa’ffal
Shashi in Muhasin As Shar’iyyah.
(From
the book "Shu’ab Al Iman")
Imam
Malik (Rahimahullah)
Sheikh
Ahmad Nafarawi Maliki in the commentary of Imam Abu Zayed's booklet states,
"to shave the beard is without doubt haraam according to all Imarns", it
is also mentioned in 'Tamheed' which is a commentary of "Muatta" Sunnan
Imam Malik (Rahimahullah) that
to shave the beard is HARAAM and among males the only ones to resort
to this (practice) are the HERMAPHRODITES.
(From
the book "Tamheed")
Maliki
Fiqh in Kitabul Ib’daa
To
shave the beard is haram and to trim it in such a manner that it changes
one’s natural and normal facial features (Less than a fist) is also haram.
It is also quoted in Kitabul Ib’daa’, that without doubt the four Madhabs
are agreed that the beard should be lengthened and that shaving it is haram.
(From the book "Kitabul Ib’daa")
Imam
Ahmed bin Hanbal (Rahimahullah)
The
Hanbalies in their famous Al-KhanWa Hambli Fatawa Kitab state that "to
grow the beard is essential and to shave it is HARAAM. Also in the
Hambali Mathab books "Sharahul Muntaha' and "Shari Manzoomatul Aadaab",
it is stated "The most accepted view is that it is HARAAM (prohibited to
shave the beard)".
Hanabli Fiqh..
From
the book Hanabi Fiqh Shar’hul Muntahaa’
It
is narrated in Shar’hul Muntahaa’ and Shar’hul Manzoomatul Adaab, the most
accepted view is that it is haram to shave the beard. Some Ulama like the
author of ‘Insaf’, have categorically stated that it is haram. There is
no report from anyone to the contrary.
Sheikh
ibn Abdur Rahman Al Banna
"Shaving
the beard is strictly haram. This is in the Hanabli Madhab."
(From
his book "Fathur Rabbani")
Ibn
Hazm (Rahimahullah)
reported
that there was scholarly consensus that it is an obligation (fard) to
trim the moustache and let the beard grow. He quoted a number of ahaadeeth
as evidence, including the hadeeth of Ibn ‘Umar (may Allaah be pleased
with him) and the hadeeth of Zayd ibn Arqam in which the Prophet
(peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) said: “Whoever does not remove
any of his moustache is not one of us.” (Classed as saheeh by al-Tirmidhi).
Ibn Hazm said in al-Furoo’: “This is the way of our colleagues [i.e., the
Hanbalis].”
Shaikhul-Islam
Ibn Taimiyah (Rahimahullah)
Stated
that: "Shaving the beard is HARAAM". [Al-Ikhtiyarat
Al-Ilmiyyah, page 6].
Shaykh al-Islam Ibn Taymiyah (may Allaah have mercy on him) said: “The
Qur’aan, Sunnah and ijmaa’ (scholarly consensus) all indicate that we must
differ from the kuffaar in all aspects and not imitate them, because imitating
them on the outside will make us imitate them in their bad deeds and habits,
and even in beliefs, which will result in befriending them in our hearts,
just as loving them in our hearts will lead to imitating them on the outside.
Al-Tirmidhi reported that the Messenger of Allaah (peace and blessings
of Allaah be upon him) said, “He is not one of us who imitates people other
than us. Do not imitate the Jews and Christians.” According to another
version: “Whoever imitates a people is one of them.” (Reported by Imaam
Ahmad) ‘Umar ibn Al-Khattaab rejected the testimony of the person who
plucked his beard. Imaam Ibn ‘Abd al-Barr said in al-Tamheed: “It is
forbidden to shave the beard, and no one does this except men who are effeminate”
i.e., those who imitate women. The Prophet (peace and blessings of
Allaah be upon him) had a thick beard (reported by Muslim from Jaabir).
It is not permitted to remove any part of the beard because of the general
meaning of the texts which forbid doing so. (Fataawa
al-Lajnah al-Daa’imah, 5/133)
Imaam
Ahmad Bin Hanbal, Imaam Abu Hanifah and Ath-Thawri (Rahimahullah)
All
agreed that if the beard is removed, it is an act of mutilation.
If someone was to remove an other mans beard by force he would have to
pay the full "diyah" or blood money for this cruel act just as if he had
removed an eye or a limb of the victum. This is based upon the Sahih
Hadith from Imaam Bukhari "Rasulullah (Sallallaahu
Álayhi Wasallam) forbade robbing and taking
propery by force and he forbade MUTILATION." And Imaam Ahmed Bin hnabal
and Imaam Abu Hanifah agreed this includes a mans beard.(Sahih
Bukhari)
Ibn
Hazm (Rahimahullah)
Said
"All the scholars of Islam have agreed that shaving of the beard is a form
of mutilation, which is forbidden. As Allah (SWT) says in the Quran
" No change let there be in Khalqillâh (creation of Allâh)
, that is the straight religion, but most of men know not." (Sura
#30;Ayah #30)
Shaikh
Al-Baani
It
is not permissible for the Muslim to remove any hair from the beard except
what the Lawgiver has allowed. It is reported from one of the companions
who narrated the hadeeth, "Leave the beard and trim the moustaches,"
'Abdullaah
bin 'Umar, that he used to remove from his beard what was below a fistful.
Apart
from that, trimming the beard is against the Sunnah, whether or not
the man's beard is pleasing to him, and whether or not it is
pleasing
to others, for all of Allaah's creation is handsome, as in the saheeh hadeeth,
where the Prophet (Sallallaahu Álayhi Wasallam) saw a man with a
long waist-shirt and ordered him to have his izaar halfway up his shins;
the man gave the excuse that he had a defect in his ankles, so the Prophet
(Sallallaahu Álayhi Wasallam) said, "All of Allaah's creation is
handsome." (saheeh-
Ahmad
and others. This phrase is actually of Qur'anic origin cf. Sajdah 32:7).
According to His Wisdom, Allaah has differentiated between men and women,
created man with a beard and created women without a beard; He did not
do this without reason.
Moulana
Ashraf Ali Thanvi (Rahimahullah)
an
authority on Islam writes, "It is an unanimous verdict for the Ummah that
to shorten the beard less than a grip of the hand is forbidden".
Abu`Abdillah
Muhammad al-Jibaly
All
the `ulamaa of as-Salaf , including the Four Imams, agreed that shaving
the beard is haram (prohibited). They considered shaving it an impermissible
mutilation, as has been reported about Umar bin Abdil-Aziz. They used to
consider the person who shaved his beard effeminate. Many of them would
not accept his witness or allow him to lead the prayers.
Sheikh
Muhammad Salih Al-Munajjid
Shaving
the beard is haraam because of the saheeh ahaadeeth that clearly state
this, and because of the general application of texts that forbid resembling
the kuffaar. One of these reports is the hadeeth of Ibn ‘Umar who said
that the Messenger of Allaah (Sallallaahu Álayhi
Wasallam) said: “Be different from the mushrikeen:
let your beards grow and trim your moustaches.” According to another report:
“Trim your moustaches and let your beards grow.” There are other hadeeth
which convey the same meaning, which is to leave the beard as it is and
let it grow long, without shaving, plucking or cutting any part of it.
Shaikh
Abu Bakr Al Jazari
writes,
"One should leave his beard until it fills his face (he has a full beard
at least one fist), because the Holy Prophet (Sallallaahu
Álayhi Wasallam) has ordered, shorten your
moustaches and lengthen your beards."
Shaikh
Ibn AbdilBarr (Rahimahullah)
Said
"If is forbidden to shave the beard, only the effeminate do so."
And Umar Bin Al-Khattab (Radhiallaahu Án)
and
Umar Bin AbdulAziz (Radhiallaahu Án) both
did not accept the testimony of a person who shaved his beard. (From
"Why a Muslim Must grow his beard" by Shaikh Sameh Strauch)
May Allah(swt) give us the ability to obey his orders and follow the Sunna of Rasulullah (Sallallaahu Álayhi Wasallam).
Trimming
the moustaches.......
Sahih
Al-Bukhari Volume 7, Book 72, Hadith # 776:
Narrated
Ibn Umar: The Rasulullah (Sallallaahu Álayhi
Wasallam) said, "To get the moustaches cut 'short
is characteristic of the Fitra."
Sahih
Al-Bukhari Volume 7, Book 72, Hadith # 778:
Narrated
Ibn 'Umar (Radhiallaahu Án):
Rasulullah (Sallallaahu Álayhi Wasallam)
said, "To shave the pubic hair. to clip the nails and to cut the moustaches
short, are characteristics of the Fitra."
Sahih
Al-Bukhari Volume 7, Book 72, Hadith # 780:
It
is narrated about Ibn Umar (Radhiallaahu Án)
"Ibn Umar used to cut his moustache so short that the whiteness of his
skin (above the upper lip) was visible"
Unfortunatly
the Muslims today have adopted the ways of kuffar and made it into a fashion
to have big thick moustaches and shaved beards. We should fear Allah
(SWT) and go back to what Rasulullah (Sallallaahu Álayhi
Wasallam) has ordered us to do. "As it comes in Sahih
Al-bukhari Volume 7, Book 72, Hadith # 780: Narrated Nafi': Ibn Umar said,
The Prophet said, 'Do the opposite of what the pagans do. Keep the beards
and cut the moustaches short.' May Allah(SWT) bring the Muslims back
on this! Even Ibrahim (AS) used to do this as it comes in the next
hadith...
Imaam
Malik's Muwatta Book 49, Hadith # 49.3.4:
Yahya
related to me from Malik from Yahya ibn Said that Said ibn al-Musayyub
said, "Ibrahim, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, was the first
to give hospitality to the guest and the first person to be circumcised
and the first person to trim the moustache and the first person to see
grey hair. He said, 'O Lord! What is this?' Allah the Blessed, the Exalted,
said, 'It is dignity, Ibrahim.' He said, 'Lord, increase me in dignity!'
"
Yahya
said that he had heard Malik say, "One takes from the moustache until the
edge of the lip appears, that is the rim. One does not cut if off completely
so that one mutilates oneself." And
this is why one should NOT shave the moustache as Imam Malik was asked
about the person who completely shaves his moustache, he said that he sees
that he should be beaten up, he also said that this is an innovation that
appeared between people. [Narrated by Al-Bayhaqi, also mentioned in
Fath Al-Bari, 10/347].
But we should just trim the moustache short as that is the Sunna of our beloved Rasulullah(Sallallaahu Álayhi Wasallam) and of Ibrahim (AS) and of the Sahaba (Radhiallaahu Án).
Imaam's leading Salah without a beard
Ibn
Majah page #77
Rasulullah
(Sallallaahu Álayhi Wasallam)
said "Let not a sinful and immoral person lead in a prayer of a true believer."
It
is also stated in Raddul Mukhtar (page 560, vol. 1),
‘It
is makrooh-e-tahrimi for a fasiq (immoral person) to lead the prayers.
An Imaam is the best person in the community worthy of leading the people
in their prayers, he should be pious and apparently free from sin and immorality.’
In a hadith of the Holy Prophet (Sallallaahu Álayhi
Wasallam, "If you wish that your prayers are accepted,
than the most pious amongst should act as your Imaam, for he is a messenger
between you and your Lord."
It is apparent from these ahaadith that an Imaam must grow a beard in order to lead the prayers. According to all four schools of thought (Madhabs), it is compulsory upon a Muslim man to grow a beard and refrain from shaving it, or trimming it to less than the length of a fist. For further proofs and fatawa read..Advice to a Imaam that shaves from Shaikh Muhammad S. Al-Munajjid
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